كيف نتعلم الانجليزية

كيف نتعلم الانجليزية
الكلام الغير مباشر
Reported speech

A)The statement الجملة الخبرية ) )
لتحويل الجملة الخبرية من كلام مباشر إلى غير مباشر نتبع الأتي: -
Said to -1 تحول إلى told ، أما said تبقى كما هي
2- تحذف الأقواس ونضع that للربط .
3- إذا كان فعل القول في الماضي يجب تغيير الزمن إلي الماضي وذلك كالأتي:-
أ- المضارع البسيط تحول إلي ماضي بسيط ( saw → see ، went → go )
ب- have أو has ← had
جـ- be - to – v ( are , is , am ) ← ( was , were )
د- الماضي البسيط تحول إلى الماضي التام
had visited → visited , had gone → went
هـ- أفعال ناقصة في المضارع ← أفعال ناقصة في الماضي would will
must → had to , is going to → was going to , should →should
eg: 1) She said to me , " Ali must be on flight A.B "
She told me that Ali ……………………..
2) " He will travel to London " Hala said.
Hala said ………………………………..
3) Ali said " I phoned BOS "
Ali said that ……………………..……….
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B)The Question ( الجملة الاستفهامية )
لتحويل السؤال من سؤال غير مباشر إلى سؤال مباشر نتبع الأتي :-
Said تحول إلي asked
تحذف الأقواس
إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بكلمة استفهام عادية ( who – What ) تبق كما هي للربط.
إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بفعل مساعد ( Will – Do – Is ) تستخدم If للربط .
الأفعال المساعدة ( verb to do ) ( did – does – do ) يجب حذفها أما الأفعال المساعدة الأخرى ( verb to have ) أو ( verb to be ) أو الأفعال الناقصة لا تحذف و لكن توضع بعد الفاعل ليتحول إلى جملة خبرية " أعمل × "
(1) Amina said to me “ Have you seen Mona?” Amina
asked me……
(2) “Where do you work?” Doaa said to me . Doaa
asked me…………………………eg:
………………..
(3) Ahmed said “ When did Mona travel?” (Ahmed asked ……)

THE IMMORTAL RIVER
Mr.Yasser
First Term (QUESTION) NO2
What would say in the following situations?
1- A friend repaired your computer yesterday. You want to thank him.
………………………………………………………………...
2- Mr. Green is visiting your business. Invite him to have supper with
you this evening.
…………………………………………………………………
3- A customer is waiting in your shop and needs some advice . Offer
to help him .
…………………………………………………………………
4- You don’t know how to use new photocopier in the office. Ask
someone for help.
…………………………………………………………………
5- You are in anther person’s office. Ask for permission to use the
phone.
………………………………………………………………….
6- You want to welcome all the sales staff at the beginning of the
BOS Sales Conference.
………………………………………………………………..
7- You are a sales assistant dealing with a customer. Offer to show the
customer something cheaper.
……………………………………………………………….
8- Invite an important customer to have lunch with you.
……………………………………………………………….
9- You have just enjoyed an excellent lunch. Thank the person who
invited you.
…………………………………………………………………
10- A caller is waiting for an extension that is still engaged.
Apologize to the caller.
………………………………………………………………….
11- You have to make an announcement at a conference in a large
noisy room. You need to get people’s attention.
………………………………………………………………
12- A visitor arrives at your office. It is a hot day and the visitor has
walked to the office.
………………………………………………………………..
QUESTION NO 4
Rewrite the sentences:
1- Aya is still in the office . "……… left the office yet”
………………………………………………………..
2- We would like to discuss your business plan. “ we are interested..." ……………………………………………………….
3- Some one knocked the door a moment ago "……just……."
……………………………………………………….
4- Sara has already phoned me . "…….. not ………"
……………………………………………………………..
5- I’ll pay the bill on Monday,he said “ He said that……."
……………………………………………………………...
6- It Only costs f15. " Heba said that ………."
………………………………………………………………
7- Souzan said that she would send the letter. "I………Souzan said."
……………………………………………………………….
8- Ali said that he had arrived at 9 am. "I………Ali said."
……………………………………………………………….
9- Have we paid the bank any interest? ".............to the bank."
……………………………………………………………….
10- I want to sell the business to him "……….the business."
………………………………………………………………..
11-We don’t owe the bank any money. "……….to the bank."
……………………………………………………………….
12- She sent the message to him "……….the message."
………………………………………………………………
13- I haven’t sent Nada the fax. "………Nada"
…………………………………………………










كيف تحل المحادثة
* How much……? What size….?
* It costs 180$.
* How many……? Which colour……..?
* Can I help you?
* Yes, …………………………….

- Whose →
- Where →
- When →
- What →
- How →
- Why →
- Who →
- How long →
- Which →
- How far →
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Match the following :


1- buyer
2- exporter
3- box
4-airway bill
5- purchases
6- inform
7- need
8- pay
9- be in charge of
10- deal with
consignee
shipper
case
air consignment note
buy
tell
require
salary
control

Handle 11- duty
12- ship
13- discount
14- delighted
15- letters
16- book
17- dear
18- supplier
19- bill
20- ring tariff. tax
vessel-liner
reduction
pleased
correspondence
reserve
expensive
seller
invoice
telephone






Active and Passive Voice
لتحويل الجملة من المعلوم إلى مجهول أتبعى الأتى :-
1- نبدأ الجملة بالمفعول
2- نضع ( be – to – v ) فى نفس زمن الجملة
3- نضع التصريف الثالث للفعل الموجود بالجملة
4- نضع الفاعل فى نهاية الجملة مسبوق بــــ BY
Eg. (1) Shymaa writes the lessons.
Te lessons ………………………
ملحوظة : تصريف be – to – v في مختلف الأزمنة:
- Present Simple “ am – is – are + P.P”
- Past Simple “ was – were + P.P”
- Model Verbs “ can– should– must– is going to +be+p.p"
Eg:
1- We make these shirts from Egyptian cotton. “These shirts….”
2- The ancient Egyptians built the pyramids. “The pyramids…”
3- You can send this letter. “This letter….…”
4- They will repair the wall within a week. “The wall……...”
5- They do not grow cotton in Britain. “Cotton…….….”
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Relative Clauses


Who That Which
For people For things
Eg:
1-This is Mohamed. He is a good student. “ ……..Who……”
2- They sent a new invoice, it had the correct prices on it.
“….Which…..”
3- A secretary dealt with my problem. She was very helpful.
"The secretary who …………"
4- The cheque isn’t here. I left it on my desk. "The cheque that……"








Letter writing
You’re Hebat Alla secretary to the sales manager of Misr company, 12 kasr EL- NILE street. Cairo. Write a letter to the manager of the Hilton Hotel 15. Ahmed Orabi st. Cairo asking for the reservation of a double room with a bath for your Boss and his wife for the nights of 1st and 2nd July

you’re….your name…..
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ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــ Write a letter to.
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Date ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
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Dear Sir,
Please reserve ----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------
I look forward to hearing from you
Yours faithfully
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Read the following, the complete the document:
Osama Hawary , the owner of a furniture store, Demiatta received Order No:0362 from Sendaway stores, need 90 brown chairs. The price is $130 cash. Invoice No is 0550106 . The invoice was sent
20 March 2001


INVOICE
Order No : (1) …………………….....
Invoice No : (2) ……………………….
Date : (3) ………………………
To : (4) ………………………

Qty Description Unit Price Amount

جزاك الله خيرا